The Scarlet Letter Reference to Mirrors Essay Example For Students

The Scarlet Letter: Reference to Mirrors Essay Darci FordMrs. HortonEnglish III-APMonday, January 18, 1999Nathaniel Hawthorne has an adequate explanation behind over and again making reference to mirrorsthroughout his refined novel, The Scarlet Letter. The utilization of mirrors in the story serve a beneficialpurpose of giving the peruser a window to the characters soul. The fact of the matter is constantly depicted inthe creators mirrors; in this way, his thoughtful gadgets will persistently bring up the blemishes to whomgazes in it. Hesters A has now become the most recognizable piece of her physicalfeatures, however her otherworldly being. The impression of Pearl Prynne reveals her hard shell and bringsout the dejection, the blameless foolishness, and the wild excellence inside her. ReverendDimesdales picture just transmits the dull, desolate truth of his polluting influences. The looking glassNathaniel Hawthorne puts before his characters, hence, centers around the domains that eachbeholder endeavors to escape their general s urroundings. In part two while Hester is remaining on the framework, she attempts to run from reality byreminiscing of her childhood. At that point, she saw her own face, shining with juvenile beauty,and lighting up all the inside of the dim mirror where she had been wont to look at it. Unfortunately, the mirror will never again give Hester that faultless reflection. Rather, the picture willalways take after that of the breastplate at the governors chateau in part seven, inferable from thepeculiar impact of this curved mirror, the red letter was spoken to in overstated andgigantic extents, in order to be extraordinarily the most conspicuous component to her appearance. Unexpectedly, the two images of her transgression and enduring, the red letter and Pearl, are currently the mostsignificant components of her life. Hester is no longer taken a gander at as a lady in the public arena, and in themirror, she appeared to be totally holed up behind it (the red letter). Concerning her young ster, that lookof shrewd happiness was in like manner reflected in the mirror, with so much expansiveness and power ofeffect, that it caused Hester Prynne to feel as though it couldn't be the picture of her own kid, yet of animp who was trying to form itself into Pearls shape. Pearls insidious looks are magnifiedin the reflecting surface to remind Hester that her kid is in reality a piece of the discipline of hersin. When this stunning, elvish cast came into the childs eyes while Hester was taking a gander at herown picture in them. . . . she liked that she observed, not her own smaller than usual picture, however anotherface, in the little dark reflection of Pearls eye. It was a face, fiendlike, brimming with grinning malevolence, yetbearing the likeness of highlights that she had realized without a doubt, through sometimes with a smile,and never with vindictiveness in them. This is another pointer in part six that Pearls presencedoes in truth frequent Hester. It additionally talks reality that Roger Chillingworth isn't the equivalent manhe used to be, and Hester will keep on being spooky by him moreover. Nathaniel Hawthornes utilization of mirrors has a vital influence in depicting the concealed side ofPearl Prynne. In spite of the fact that Pearl has a notoriety to be of black magic and gives the peruser animpression of being an imp, the kid has a delicate and charming soul that meanders on theother side of the reflecting surface. In section fourteen by the sea, Pearl arrived at a full stop,and peeped inquisitively into a pool, left by the resigning tide as a mirror for Pearl to see her face in. Forward peeped at her, out of the pool, with dim shimmering twists around her head and a mythical being smilein her eyes, the picture of a little house keeper, whom Pearl, having no other mate, welcome to take herhand and run a race with her. The reflecting pool depicts Pearl as a guiltless and beautifulchild who is desolate. That is entirely reasonable, for Pearl i sn't care for different kids; heronly two companions are nature and her mom, Hester. In part fifteen, Pearl was a tease fancifullywith her own picture in a pool of water, coaxing the apparition forward, andas it declinedventureseeking an entry for herself into its circle of indistinct earth and out of reach sky. Before long finding notwithstanding, that it is possible that she or the picture was unbelievable, she turned somewhere else for betterpastime. Pearls reflection is genuine, and part sixteen easily proceeds with this idea throughanother group of waterthe stream in the woods. Pearl took after the stream, because of the fact that thecurrent of her life spouted from. . . . like the voice of a small kid that was spending its infancywithout perkiness, and knew not how to be cheerful among dismal colleague and occasions ofsomber shade. As deciphered through the portrayal of the stream, Pearl needed numerous simpleencumbrances growing up, and in this manner, needs compassion and fe elings that various individualstake for conceded. In part nineteen, Pearls partnership to nature is obviously appeared as the brookchanced to shape a pool, so smooth and calm that it mirrored an ideal picture of her little figure,with all the splendid pleasantness of her excellence, in its decoration of blossoms and wreathedfoliage, yet more refined and spiritualized than the truth. Nathaniel Hawthorne was savvy touse the backwoods stream corresponding to Pearl, for she is untamed like the woodland. Expanding from thatwild blessing inside Pearl, the rage she is constrained to help is likewise lustered through the creek thatflows underneath her. Found in the creek, again, was the shadowy fury of Pearls image,crowned and supported with blossoms, however stepping its foot, uncontrollably motioning, and, in the middle ofit all, despite everything pointing its little pointer at Hesters chest! The speculum uncovers the hard truththat Pearl is a piece of the red letter, and that she feels sincerely nonexistent when sherealizes her mom had relinquished the symbol on the ground. The powerless mortality of Reverend Dimesdale is additionally portrayed by Nathaniel Hawthornesexercise of mirrors all through the novel. In section eleven, Arthur is urgent to flush away hissins and assimilate uprightness over into his spirit. He kept vigils, in like manner, after a long time after night. . . . .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051 , .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051 .postImageUrl , .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051 , .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051:hover , .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051:visited , .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051:active { border:0!important; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051:active , .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051:hover { mistiness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u ae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-beautification: underline; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enhancement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e 051 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uae482822879879fcb15a4189b714e051:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Good Ancestors Like Dandelions Essay We will compose a custom exposition on The Scarlet Letter: Reference to Mirrors explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now some of the time, seeing his own face in a mirror, by the most impressive light which he couldthrow upon it. Lamentably, Nathaniel Hawthornes mirrors show no leniency. He thustypified the consistent contemplation wherewith he tormented, yet couldn't clean, himself. Littledoes Arthur realize that the mirror is just capacities as an apparatus to speak to truth, and inactuality, the reverend isn't absolved of his transgressions. The extremely constrained light that sparkles onto thelooking glass is utilized to consume profound into the priests soul, handle the disgraceful mystery he hideswithin his heart, and sparkle the outcomes back in his face again and again. In theselengthened vigils, his cerebrum regularly reeled and dreams appeared to bounce before him maybe seendoubtfully, and by a black out light of their own, in the remote obscurity of the chamber, or morevividly, and close adjacent to him, inside the mirror. Reverend Dimesdale attempted to overcomethese appalling pictures, ho wever he couldnt battle the way that they were, in one sense, the most genuine andmost considerable things which the poor pastor currently managed. The mirror franklyreveals that Reverend Dimesdales presence currently depends on the anguish in his deepest soul. Inside The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne breaks down his fundamental characters distinctionsthrough his utilization of mirrors. By utilizing this gadget of symbolism, the peruser of the novel can easilygrasp Nathaniel Hawthornes dim assessments of the world, man, culture and their relati

Mis 2200 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mis 2200 - Essay Example Huber was missing. Capacity to Work with Othersâ€Tom is agreeable in a job as an individual donor and features his insight and experience when working with others. In an administrative limit, Tom can promptly accept authority, and he may be much increasingly viable if he somehow happened to take a shot at his approach and be progressively community oriented and less domineering. Because of trust in his insight and experience, Tom may have exceeded his clout once in a while. General Knowledge of Business Operationsâ€Tom has worked in Mason’s Appliance Department for as far back as twelve years. He is the most ranking staff part in the group, and his experience as an interval director has given extra understanding into the business tasks. Leadershipâ€Carol has unpretentious administration experience. She was a secondary teacher for quite a long while, and shows others how its done in her present job with Mason’s. While Carol unquestionably has limit around there, there seems, by all accounts, to be an open door for her to develop into a more grounded pioneer. A report of disciplinary issues in her homeroom when she was instructing and her general eagerness to take on any assignment without testing the need of the errand feature this chance. General Knowledge of Business Operationsâ€Carol has worked in Mason’s Appliance Department for as long as four years. She has strong information on the activities and given her eagerness to take on all errands alloted has expansive experience of the complexities in the division. Leadershipâ€Don’s initiative experience is generally casual. He was commander of his track group in school and shows others how its done in the places that he has held. Wear has been dealing with a master’s qualification in promoting which gives him a strong comprehension of authority ideas and standards. Capacity to Work with Othersâ€Don is proficient and affable. His character would praise others in the division and he seems receptive. Don’s continue shows a

Dissociative Identity Disorder Diagnosis and Prevalence

Dissociative Identity Disorder Diagnosis and Prevalence BPD Related Conditions Print Dissociative Identity Disorder Diagnosis and Prevalence By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 05, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on December 05, 2019 ByeByeTokyo/iStockphoto More in BPD Related Conditions Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD Dissociative identity disorder (DID), which used to be called multiple personality disorder, is one of the dissociative disorders listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Dissociative disorders all have a central feature of dissociation,” or a disruption in the normally integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, and perception. In DID, you may experience the presence of two or more distinct identities or personalities, also known as alters. These personalities recurrently take control of your behavior and you often experience a loss of memory for what happened while another personality or alter is in control. Diagnosis The diagnostic criteria for DID  as described in the DSM-5 are as follows: The presence of two or more distinct identities or personalities, each with its own pattern of interpreting and relating to the environment. The presence of these personalities can be self-reported or observed by a therapist for diagnosis.Amnesia must occur, limiting how much a person can remember about both traumatic events and daily occurrences.The person must have difficulty in their daily functioning.The symptoms are not part of cultural or religious practice.The symptoms are not resulting from the use of any substance, such as alcohol or medication. DID vs. Borderline Personality Disorder People with DID often report the experience of severe physical and sexual abuse during childhood and also frequently have concurrent symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD), including self-harming behaviors, impulsive behaviors, and instability in relationships. This may be related to the fact that childhood abuse is a risk factor for both conditions. One theory about the development of DID proposes that people with DID have experienced a psychological trauma so severe that the only way to manage that trauma is to develop very strong dissociation as a coping mechanism. Over time, chronic dissociation leads to the formation of different identities. While dissociation is also a symptom of borderline personality disorder, usually the dissociation seen in BPD does not happen as frequently or as severely as in DID. That being said, someone with the symptoms of DID and BPD may receive a diagnosis of both disorders. In addition, if you have DID, you may experience other trauma-related symptoms, including nightmares, flashbacks, or other symptoms characteristic of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Prevalence Controversy Dissociative identity disorder is a very rare condition. It is so rare that it is difficult to study, so little research has been conducted on people with DID. That being said, one study found that about one percent of women have DID. Of course, more studies are needed to confirm this finding. Interestingly, there has been a recent surge in the diagnosis of DID. However, it is not clear whether this is due to a greater awareness of the disorder by mental health professionals or to misdiagnosis. There has long been controversy within the field of mental health about whether or not DID exists. There is evidence that people with DID are more susceptible to hypnosis and suggestibility. This has led some experts to argue that the separate identities experienced by people with DID may be the result of suggestion. Other experts, however, argue that there are recent studies that refute this idea of suggestion. For example, some studies have demonstrated that the different personalities of a person with DID have different physiological profiles, including different brain activation patterns or cardiovascular responses. These studies have been used as evidence for the existence of actual alters. Overall, studies on DID are limited  and it remains a controversial diagnosis. However, the diagnosis is now gaining more acceptance in the mental health community and we are learning more about how to treat DIDâ€"a positive and hopeful development.

The Lesbians, Bisexual, Transgender, and Gay Community and...

Today’s widespread liberty has brought a life to every individual which was inconceivable in the ages of conservatism. Although the alteration in our life commonly accepted heading in a direction of the better, there are some fields in this better life where people tend to have abusive, violent and endless debates. The most controversial topic connected straight to the LGBTI (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex) people. While growing amount of sex change surgeries are performed, its public judgement reached extremity due to the disagreement between those, who think it shouldn’t be regulated by the state and advertising these operation doesn’t violate the individual’s liberty and the others, who state its opposite. From the 1980’s has been a lot of organizations and â€Å"Pride parades† advertising the lifestyle being â€Å"other†, however, the codification to the law which shelter the right of these people started in the recent years. The latest report voted by the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home affairs of European Parliament, urge the Member States to develop action plans promoting respect for LGBT persons and protection of their fundamental rights .It also urges the Member States to make overtures to public regulations and so grant the possibilities to these people when they desire to change their gender. Some might ask a question why they are talking about gender not sex. There are two different words in the English language to define someone’s genus.Show MoreRelatedThe Black Man s Burden By Henry Louis Gates Jr.1465 Words   |  6 Pagesthis time. 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Macbeth Truth and Idealism Essay - 1038 Words

What could drive a sane human being to do something radical for seemingly no reason, or push someone to alter their behavior with lack of notice or evident explanation? The answer comes from within the individual’s mind; more specifically, it derives from a plague of overconfidence rooted in a person’s brain by ideals they have let consume their reason. This is very common in people who cannot achieve a solid grasp on truths in any given matter. Macbeth in the play, Macbeth, is the embodiment of this very point. He put complete trust in the witches’ premonitions and blindly acted upon them which ultimately led to his downfall and humiliation. Putting too much faith into ideals and losing sight of reality can lead to overconfidence. If a person builds up an overabundance of confidence they can become arrogant and foolish. This arrogance can blind them from the reality that is present right in front of them. Once Macbeth becomes king he is struck down with this affliction. We witness Macbeth’s arrogance take over when he is in a confrontation with the witches and foolishly states that â€Å"[He] will be satisfied: deny [him] this, and an eternal curse falls on you† (IV.ii.103-105). This statement is painfully ironic and it is pathetic to see how a once intelligent warrior has morphed into a cocky imbecile. It is remarkable how audacious Macbeth has become simply by disregarding logic and becoming too confident in his ideals. If he didn’t get in over his head and used, at the veryShow MoreRelatedBasics of Studying Literature3647 Words   |  15 Pagesreal or imaginary, with whom it deals? If it properly accomplishes this main purpose, when the reader finishes it he should feel that his under standing of life and of people has been increased and broadened. But it should always be remembered that truth is quite as much a matter of general spirit and impression as of literal accuracy in details of fact. The essential question is not, Is the presentation of life and character perfect in a photographic fashion? but Does it convey the underlying realitiesRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagessupport instructive in values American Renaissance/Romanticism period of American Literature - 18001855 Content: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · writing that can be interpreted 2 ways, on the surface for common folk or in depth for philosophical readers sense of idealism focus on the individual s inner feelings emphasis on the imagination over reason and intuition over facts urbanization versus nostalgia for nature burden of the Puritan past Genre/Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · literary tale character sketch slave narratives

The Concept of the Tragic Hero an Analysis of Jason and...

In ‘Medea’, Euripides shows Medea in a new light, as a scorned woman that the audience sympathises with to a certain extent, but also views as a monster due to her act of killing her own children. The protagonist of a tragedy, known as the Tragic Hero is supposed to have certain characteristics which cause the audience to sympathise with them and get emotionally involved with the plot. The two main characters, Medea and Jason, each have certain qualities of the Tragic Hero, but neither has them all. This makes them more like the common man that is neither completely good nor evil, but is caught in the middle and forced to make difficult decisions. Euripides’ ‘Medea’ is a play based on the myth of Jason and the Argonauts. The play was†¦show more content†¦No, no, I will not do it. I renounce my plans.† (34) However, her hubris comes in the way as she decides â€Å"Do I want to let go my enemies unhurt and be laughed at for it? I must face this thing.† One of her motivations for killing her children is also that their death is inevitable; she reveals this when she says â€Å"This shall never be, that I should suffer my children to be the prey of my enemies’ insolence.† (34) She also shows that she loves them when she says â€Å"Force every way will have it they must die, and since this must be so, then I their mother, shall kill them... This one short day be forgetful of your children, afterward weep; for even though you will kill them, they were very dear – Oh, I am an unhappy woman!† (40) This dialogue makes her seem more humane, and arouses pity in the audience as they see her dilemma, and struggle to follow through with her task. Although the audience does sympathise with her, at the end of the day to murder one’s children is an unforgivable act which is why the audience still views her as a monster. The tragic hero should ideally be someone who suffers because of a mistake. Initially, she suffers due to Jason, but in her act of killing her children, she is bringing suffering uponShow MoreRelatedThe Concept of the Tragic Hero: an Analysis of Jason and Medea in Euripides Medea1442 Words   |  6 PagesIn ‘Medea’, Euripides shows Medea in a new light, as a scorned woman that the audience sympathises with to a certain extent, but also views as a monster due to her act of killing her own children. The protagonist of a tragedy, known as the Tragic Hero is supposed to have certain characteristics which cause the audience to sympathise with them and get emotionally involved with the plot. The two main characters, Medea and Jason, each have certain qualities of the Tragic Hero, but neither has th em all

Business Structure and Liability

Question: Discuss about the Business Structure and Liability. Answer: 1. In the given case study, Kate is having a business of women shoes and as the business is expanding day by day so Kate wants to update his business structure form sole trader to other. She asked her accountant to brief her about the various options available for the business structure.I will suggest her following options with advantages and disadvantages of the same. The description of various options is as below- Name of option Details Advantages Disadvantages Sole Trader It is the simplest business structure having no legal entity. An individual is the owner of such unit and he will be responsible for all rights and liabilities. Every contract or legal agreement of business goes in the name of owner as trade name is only fictitious in case of sole trader. 1. Its an easy form to set up. 2. Requires minimum capital structure 3.Legal formalities are very low in this case as this form has no legal entity 4. 1. It has no legal entity 2. Owner of business has unlimited liability regarding, debts, losses and other liabilities of business. 3. Business survives till the owner survives. 4. . Partnership Firm It is the form of business which is created when two or more persons join together with a common aim of running a business. They share the profit and losses as well as rights and liabilities of business either equally or as per the partnership agreement. A legal agreement named as partnership Agreement is made between the partners to run a partnership business. This agreement contains all the clauses regarding how the business will be operated, what will be the rights and duties of every partner. 1. Easy and cost effective set up of firm. 2. Better capital structure and borrowing power is available due to more than one owner. 3. Polling of knowledge, power, technology, shills and resources less than one roof is available. 1.Liabilities of partners are unlimited related to all business transaction. 2. Personal disputes are the big issue in the partnership firms. 3. Risk of dissolution of firm is high. Limited Liability Company (LLP) This the new form of business structure and mostly used in todays era. It is hybrid structure combining the features of both partnership as well as corporation. As the name indicates, it offers the limited liabilities to the owners reading the business debts, losses and liabilities. 1. It is simple as well as flexible form of organization. 2.It offers limited liability concept to owners. 3.Limited legal as well as administrative liability. 4.It combines the best features of both partnership as well as corporation. 1. It is the new form so reliability is low in this form. 2. Capital borrowings are not available under LLC. 3. It is not a cost effective formation. 4. Sate fees are high which is to be paid annually for running LLC. Company/ Corporation It is the most legal as well as reliable form of business. The owner of corporation is the shareholders while all day to day functions are carried out by directors. This form is not depending on any person, it has perpetual life. (Business.gov, 2016) 1.It is the most appropriate form for raising investment capital. 2.Owners are not personally liable for the debts of company. 3. It has unlimited life span. 4. Various tax benefits are available under this form. 5. Transfer of ownership is easy 1. Formation of company is costly. 2. Legal formalities are very high to run and manage the company. 3. All financial affairs of company are answerable to public. 4. Closure of business is very typical. The above table demonstrates the all forms of business organization and their benefits and disadvantages. On the basis of above information, I will suggest to kate that she should form an LLC as this is the new form of organization better than partnership and less complex than company. Presently Kate is running as sole trader business so expansion as LLC will be the best possible option due to following reason- There will be no unlimited liability in LLC Formation and running of LLC is cost effective as well as less complex. Legal formalities are limited. It will be easy to shift from sole trading to LLC Legal entity will be available in LLC form of organization. It is flexible to run LLC. Following factors will influence my advice- Capacity of taking liability by the owners is important while selecting the business structure. Capital requirement and raising capacity is the second consideration Purpose of business and expansion plan in future also influence the form of business. Tax liability is different under various forms of organization so considering the tax implication is also important. Management of business is also important part of business; sole trading business has the utmost control while in other management power is distributed. Cost of forming business also matters in forming any organization structure. (Legal vision, 2016) 2. In the given case study Myra is the single shareholder as well as director of Kids Clothes Pty Ltd. There are total 10 employees in the company. Due to loss in the company, Mayra paid bonus to herself and transferred all assets of company to the new company name Kids Pty Ltd. Employees remains in the old company and company owes thousand dollars for each employees. The possible legal grounds that employees have to claim their entitlements are as follows- It is well settled from the facts of the case that the control or ownership had changed as the assets of Kids Clothes Pty Ltd had been transferred to Kids Pty Ltd. In such a case, Myra, with the consent of employees should have terminated the services of the employees and initiate a new employment in the new company. In case where the employees do not consent to continue or transfer their services in the new company, the employees will be entitled to severance pay, service pay or such compensation by whatever name called, as the labour laws for the time being in force had set for the purposes.(Alrc.gov, 2016) Further, in the present case, on observation of the details it is clear that Myra is the single shareholder as well as sole director, which means that the complete ownership and management lies in the single hands of her. Therefore, while paying large bonus to herself prior to the transfer of assets, it is clear that the intention behind such an action of her was to provide a fraudulent preference over payment of liabilities while settlement at the time of assets as in case where such transaction would not had taken effect, the employees and the secured creditors of the company would have had a preferential right of payment over the unsecured liabilities and the shareholders, namely Myra, of the company. Hence, while providing of the bonus, the director (Myra herself) had not taken a prudent decision and that the same in not in the interest of the company as a whole but in the favour of herself which unveils the feature of corporate or separate legal entity of the company, i.e. the c ompany has a separate entity from the owners or directors. Myra is the shareholder and also holds managerial powers through holding directorship in the entity. The shareholder of a company is personally liable only to the extent of the unpaid or outstanding amount on the shares held or in case of company not having share capital, the amount of guarantee undertaken to be paid at the time of winding up. Further, the director of a company is meant to be the working parts of the company as the company executes its actions through the directors and that they are required to exercise due diligence and competence while executing their duties. Therefore, in case of any fraudulent act by the company, though it is well settled law that the company shall be held to be in default for the same and any suit, wherein laid by the victim shall be in the name of the company, neither in the name of shareholders nor the directors, but where it can be established that the default had been done due to the negligence of directors, they would be supposed to make th e same good. Hence, in the instant case, Myra no action resides in the hands of the employees against Myra in the position of shareholder, but she can be held liable as in the designation of the director. The responsibility of the employees would be the prove that the current position of the entity is due to the negligence or undue advantages taken by Myra creating a situation of conflict of interest of personal benefits and companys benefits. The same could be established through the very fact that the company had been a profitable unit but became a loss making entity and also while the same was transferred to another concern, Myra took out the funds in the form of bonus. Therefore, where it can be established, Myra could be held personally liable. (Iclg, 2016) References Alrc.gov.au. (2016).8. Australian remedies: misappropriation and other defaults | ALRC. [online] Available at: https://www.alrc.gov.au/publications/alrc-80-legal-risk-international-transactions/8-australian-remedies-misappropriation-an [Accessed 28 May 2016]. Anon, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.schweizer.com.au/articles/Business_Structures_in_Australia_(SK00125445).pdf [Accessed 28 May 2016]. Anon, (2016). [online] Available at: https://blog.ssek.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/02-ssek_client-note-Employment-Issues-on-a-Transfer-of-Business-2012-AsiaIndonesia_RDE-RL.pdf [Accessed 28 May 2016]. Australia - Employment Labour Law 2016 - ICLG - International Comparative Legal Guides. (2016).ICLG: Employment Labour Law 2016 - Australia - International Comparative Legal Guides. [online] Available at: https://www.iclg.co.uk/practice-areas/employment-and-labour-law/employment-and-labour-law-2016/australia [Accessed 28 May 2016]. Business.gov.au. (2016).Start your business. [online] Available at: https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/start-your-business [Accessed 28 May 2016]. Findlaw.com.au. (2016).Choosing the right business structure for your business. [online] Available at: https://www.findlaw.com.au/articles/59/choosing-the-right-business-structure-for-your-bus.aspx [Accessed 28 May 2016]. Gorry, T. (2013).TUPE,The Transfer of Undertakings Directive and Regulations-The Essentials for Irish Employers and Employees | Employment Rights Ireland. [online] Employmentrightsireland.com. Available at: https://employmentrightsireland.com/tupe-the-transfer-of-undertakings-directive-and-irish-employers/ [Accessed 28 May 2016]. Labour.gov.on.ca. (2016).Continuity of Employment | Ministry of Labour. [online] Available at: https://www.labour.gov.on.ca/english/es/pubs/guide/continuity.php [Accessed 28 May 2016]. Lawhandbook.sa.gov.au. (2016).Transfer of business. [online] Available at: https://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch18s03s05.php [Accessed 28 May 2016]. LegalVision. (2016).Choosing the Right Structure for your Business - LegalVision. [online] Available at: https://legalvision.com.au/legal-info/choosing-the-right-structure-for-your-business/ [Accessed 28 May 2016]. Small Business BC. (2015).How to Choose the Right Business Structure for Your Small Business. [online] Available at: https://smallbusinessbc.ca/article/how-to-choose-the-right-business-structure-for-your-small-business/ [Accessed 28 May 2016]. Spadaccini, M. (2009).The Basics of Business Structure. [online] Entrepreneur. Available at: https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/200516 [Accessed 28 May 2016].

Decolorization and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction (Cod) of Simulated Textile Wastewater Using Fenton’s Reagent Essay Example

Decolorization and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction (Cod) of Simulated Textile Wastewater Using Fenton’s Reagent Essay Nature is threatened by the environmental contamination caused by the wastewater produced and discharged every day. Wastes coming from the industrial and agricultural sectors contribute a large portion. One such industry is the textile industry.About 42,000 L of wastewater is discharged daily by each of the textile industries (Maravilla, 2003 as cited by Africa, 2005). Industrial wastewater from manufacturing sources contributes a devastating effect on the body of water as well as effects on individual’s health. Production of large volumes of highly colored wastewater is one problem encountered in a textile industry. It has been estimated to generate 1 to 2 million gallons per day of wastewater (Freeman, 1995). Every textile industry is unique with respect to the type of production and the technology and chemicals used in production.Thus, it is often unusual to predict the characteristics of textile wastewater by using reported values in the literature. Other factors are the d ifferent requirements of the fibers and the different quality required for the final fabric. Amount of pollutants present in textile wastewater varies according to the wastewater management practices and amount of water used in the production. The water consumption and wastewater generation from a textile industry depends upon the processing operations used during the conversion of fibers to textile fabric.Wastewater from the textile industry is characterized with high values of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), which can cause rapid depletion of dissolved oxygen; Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD); color; and pH. The dyeing section in a textile industry contributes a high level of COD, which is toxic to biological life. This high level of COD comes from the chemicals used in the operation. The high alkalinity interferes with the biological treatment process and high color makes the water unfit for use. Due to the harmful effects of the chemicals present in wastewater, intensive researches in new advanced treatment technologies are conducted.Appropriate treatment methods for wastewaters containing toxic or non-biodegradable compounds are developed. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) are often employed in the treatment of textile wastewaters. Reduction of the COD and BOD levels are often done with the use of oxidants. AOP includes chemical oxidation processes using hydrogen peroxide, ozone, combined ozone and peroxide, hypochlorite, and Fenton’s reagent; ultra-violet enhanced oxidation such as UV/ozone, UV/hydrogen peroxide, and UV/air; and wet air oxidation and catalytic wet air oxidation.Fenton’s treatment is a highly competitive method, which is being used in the wastewater industry to treat a variety of industrial wastes containing a range of toxic organic compounds such as phenols, formaldehyde, BTEX, and complex wastes derived from dyestuffs, pesticides, wood preservatives, plastic additives, and rubber chemicals. The advantages of a Fenton process , being an AOP, are process operability, unattended operation, the absence of secondary wastes, and the ability to handle fluctuating flow rates and compositions.On the other hand, it requires a higher capital and operating costs. Basically, Fenton’s reagent is a solution of hydrogen peroxide and an iron catalyst that is used to oxidize contaminants or wastewater. Fenton process has a high efficiency and can even mineralize organic compounds completely to water and carbon dioxide. In synthesis, the outstanding characteristics and principal advantages of the use of peroxide in the suitable combination with ferrous sulphate are: 1) Knock down of surface-active agents; 2) Page 2 of 13Mineralization of the polluter with reduction of COD of about 40-60% and more; 3) Maintenance of the purification independently from the polluting load; 4) Chemical degradation of the polluting agent; and 5) Forecasts of the use of reagents which do not leave pollutant residues in the treated wastew ater through treatment. 2. PROBLEM STATEMENT Actual wastewater was simulated using Reactive Turquoise Blue KNG dye and was subjected to analysis and treatments. The study evaluated the efficacy of Fenton’s Reagent in the color removal and COD reduction of a simulated textile wastewater (STW).It was then characterized in terms of pH, color (PCU), and COD. The effects of varying the amount of hydrogen peroxide (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mL), iron catalyst (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mL), and the concentration of the simulated textile wastewater (300, 400, 500, 600, and 700 ppm) on the COD reduction and percent color removal were determined. 3. 3. 1 METHODOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 3. 1. 1 Preparation and Initial Characterization of Simulated Textile Wastewater One liter of 6000 ppm (mg/L) simulated textile wastewater was prepared as a stock solution.Solutions of 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700 ppm were prepared from the stock solution and then kept in a dark container. The initial pH, color, and COD of the stock solution were measured using the pH meter and Hach Spectrophotometer. Characterization of the untreated STW is shown in Table 3. 1. Table 3. 1 Initial Characteristics of the Simulated Textile Wastewater Concentration (ppm) 300 400 500 600 700 pH 3. 39 2. 96 3. 12 2. 80 3. 88 Color (PCU) 48. 00 48. 33 53. 00 54. 00 64. 33 COD (ppm) 217. 67 269. 67 338. 00 495. 67 583. 33 3. 1. 2 Treatment of the Simulated Textile WastewaterThe treatment with Fenton’s reagent proceeded in three levels which include the effects of varying the amount of Hydrogen Peroxide, effects of varying the amount of iron catalyst, and the effects of varying the STW concentration. The succeeding level is dependent on its preceding level. Five glass jars were used as the reaction vessels. Twenty-five milliliters of the 300 ppm dye solution was placed in each vessel. The pH was then adjusted to 3. 2 – 3. 5 using a pH meter using 10% sulphuric acid (H2SO4). After which, 1 mL of 10% Fe SO44†¢7H2O was added.Hydrogen peroxide of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mL was then added slowly and the solution was allowed to react. The reaction was then allowed to proceed until no evident of bubble formation due to gas evolution. The Page 3 of 13 time from the hydrogen peroxide addition up to which the reaction stopped was recorded. The solution was cooled to room temperature. Then, the pH was adjusted to pH 9-10 by adding 1M NaOH to precipitate the iron. The filtrate was then used in the pH, color, and COD analysis. Finally, the best ratio was determined in accord to the allowable concentration requirements.The volume of the H2O2 of the chosen ratio was used and held constant in determining the effects of varying the amounts of the iron catalyst. Using the same procedure employed in determining the effects of varying the amounts of H2O2, Iron catalyst were added instead. Amounts of the iron catalyst were added in 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mL. The best ratio was determined by considering its COD reduction. The amount of the iron catalyst in this ratio was used and held constant in the determination of the effects of varying the STW concentration.For determining the effects of varying the concentration of the wastewater samples, the best ratio that was determined in the second level treatment was used following the same procedure to measure the pH, color removal, and COD reduction for the treated wastewater. The best ratio was determined by considering its COD reduction. 3. 2 METHODS OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Similarly, statistical analysis of the raw data proceeded in three levels as well, which acted as the factors: varying the Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2), varying the Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate (FeSO44†¢7H2O), and varying the Simulated Textile Wastewater (STW) concentration.Each level’s interest is on the color removal and COD reduction (both are considered as response). Microsoft Excel and Minitab 14 and a few of the SAS system were used in the analysis of the data obtained. Three trials were conducted in each of the three levels where in five inputs (volume or concentration) were evaluated. There were a total of 15 observations in the experimental design. Analysis of Variance (One way ANOVA) was employed to examine the effect of each of the factor on the response (% color removal and % COD reduced).A 5% level of significance was used in the ANOVA. In addition, Duncan’s Multiple Range Test for the experimental results of the % Color and COD removed were employed. The experimental design will also make use of the Multiple Linear Regression to establish the relationship between these three factors. A 95% confidence level was used. 4. RESULTS AND DATA ANALYSES The effect of each level on the Color removal and COD reduction was analyzed using the One Way ANOVA at 5% significance level. 4. 1 VARYING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE 4. 1. 1 Dependent Variable: Color Page 4 of 13 Table 4. Effect of Varying H2O2 on the Color Removal from STW H2O2 , mL 5 10 15 20 25 Average color removal (%) Trial 1 97. 92 98. 60 97. 92 98. 60 100. 00 Trial 2 98. 60 97. 92 98. 60 97. 92 100. 00 Trial 3 97. 92 98. 60 98. 60 97. 92 100. 00 Average color removal (%) 98. 14 98. 38 98. 37 98. 16 100. 00 *300 ppm simulated textile wastewater Table 4. 2 One Way ANOVA for the Effect of Varying H2O2 on the Color Removal from STW SUMMARY Groups Count Sum Average Variance H2O2= 5 3 294. 44 98. 14667 0. 15413 H2O2=10 3 295. 12 98. 37333 0. 15413 H2O2=15 3 295. 12 98. 37333 0. 15413 H2O2=20 3 294. 44 98. 4667 0. 15413 H2O2=25 3 300 100 0 ANOVA Source of Variation Between Groups Within Groups Total SS 7. 42037 1. 23306 8. 65344 df 4 10 14 MS 1. 85509 0. 12330 F 15. 04455 P-value 0. 00031 F crit 3. 47805 It can be seen in the ANOVA table (Table 4. 2) that F gt; Fcrit, therefore at least one group for the %Color removed at varying H2O2 levels is different at 5% level of significance. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test for Color NOTE: This test controls the type I comparison wise error test, not the experiment wise error rate. Alpha Error Degrees of Freedom Error Mean Square 0. 05 8 0. 035185Number of Means Critical Range 2 0. 3532 3 0. 3680 4 0. 3764 5 0. 3813 Page 5 of 13 Duncan Grouping A A A A B Mean 0. 8889 0. 7778 0. 7778 0. 7778 0 N 3 3 3 3 3 Ratio 20 5 15 10 25 *Means with the same letter are not significantly different 4. 1. 2 Dependent Variable: COD Table 4. 3 Effect of Varying H2O2 on the COD Reduction H2O2, mL 5 10 15 20 25 Average COD removal (%) Trial 1 89. 28 89. 59 91. 42 94. 03 96. 63 Trial 2 87. 29 89. 13 92. 65 92. 80 97. 85 Trial 3 88. 06 88. 97 92. 65 95. 25 97. 70 Average COD removal (%) 88. 21 89. 23 92. 24 94. 03 97. 40 *300 ppm simulated textile wastewaterTable 4. 4 One Way ANOVA for the Effect of Varying H2O2 on the COD Reduction SUMMARY Groups Count Sum Average Variance H2O2=5 3 264. 63 88. 21 1. 0069 H2O2=10 3 267. 69 89. 23 0. 1036 H2O2=15 3 276. 72 92. 24 0. 5043 H2O2=20 3 282. 08 94. 02667 1. 50063 H2O2=2 5 3 292. 18 97. 39333 0. 44263 ANOVA Source of Variation Between Groups Within Groups Total SS 165. 14407 7. 11613 172. 2602 df 4 10 14 MS 41. 28602 0. 71161 F 58. 01749 P-value 6. 97E-07 F crit 3. 47805 From the ANOVA table 4. 4, F which is equal to 58. 01749 is a lot greater than the critical value for F (3. 7805), therefore there is a significant difference in the average % COD Reduction at varying H2O2. Hydrogen Peroxide concentration is a contributing factor for the Color removal. Page 6 of 13 Duncan’s Multiple Range Test for COD NOTE: This test controls the type I comparison wise error test, not the experiment wise error rate. Alpha Error Degrees of Freedom Error Mean Square 0. 05 8 1. 739154 Number of Means Critical Range 2 2. 483 3 2. 588 4 2. 646 5 2. 681 Duncan Grouping B B A A C C Mean 17. 810 16. 342 14. 215 12. 442 N 3 3 3 3 Ratio 25 20 10 15 D 7. 05 3 5 *Means with the same letter are not significantly different 4. 2 VARYING FERROUS SULPHATE HEPTAHYDRATE Similar ly, ANOVA tables 4. 6 and 4. 8 shows F values gt; Fcrit, which signifies that at least one group for the % Color removed and %COD reduced at varying Fe2SO4†¢7H2O levels is different at 5% alpha level. 4. 2. 1 Dependent Variable: Color Table 4. 5 Effect of Fe2SO4†¢7H2O on the Color Removal from STW Average color removal (%) Fe2SO4†¢7H2O, Average color mL removal (%) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 1 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 100. 00 2 99. 31 98. 60 99. 31 99. 08 3 98. 60 99. 31 99. 31 99. 08 4 97. 2 97. 92 98. 60 98. 15 5 98. 60 97. 92 97. 92 98. 15 *300 ppm simulated textile wastewater Table 4. 6 One Way ANOVA for the Effect of Varying Fe2SO4†¢7H2O on the Color Removal from STW SUMMARY Groups Count Sum Average Variance Fe2SO4†¢7H2O=1 3 300 100 0 Fe2SO4†¢7H2O=2 3 297. 22 99. 07333 0. 16803 Fe2SO4†¢7H2O=3 3 297. 22 99. 07333 0. 16803 Fe2SO4†¢7H2O=4 3 294. 44 98. 14667 0. 15413 Fe2SO4†¢7H2O=5 3 294. 44 98. 14667 0. 15413 Page 7 of 13 ANOVA Source of V ariation Between Groups Within Groups Total SS 7. 21317 1. 28866 8. 50184 df 4 10 14 MS 1. 80329 0. 12887 F 13. 99348 P-value 0. 00042 F crit 3. 47805Duncan’s Multiple Range Test for Color NOTE: This test controls the type I comparison wise error test, not the experiment wise error rate. Alpha Error Degrees of Freedom Error Mean Square Number of Means Critical Range 2 0. 3341 0. 05 8 0. 031482 3 0. 3481 4 0. 3560 5 0. 3607 Duncan Grouping A A B B C 4. 2. 2 Mean 0. 8889 0. 8889 0. 4444 0. 4444 0. 0000 N 3 3 3 3 3 Ratio 5 4 3 2 1 *Means with the same letter are not significantly different Dependent Variable: COD Table 4. 7 Effect of Fe2SO4†¢7H2O on the COD Reduction Fe2SO4†¢7H2O, mL 1 2 3 4 5 Average COD removal (%) Trial 1 96. 63 92. 96 92. 50 91. 3 93. 42 Trial 2 97. 85 94. 49 94. 34 92. 65 93. 42 Trial 3 97. 70 92. 50 92. 96 92. 19 90. 50 Average COD removal (%) 97. 40 93. 31 93. 26 92. 19 92. 45 *300 ppm simulated textile wastewater Table 4. 8 One Way ANOVA for th e Effect of Varying Fe2SO4†¢7H2O on the COD Reduction SUMMARY Groups Fe2SO4†¢7H2O=1 Fe2SO4†¢7H2O=2 Fe2SO4†¢7H2O=3 Fe2SO4†¢7H2O=4 Fe2SO4†¢7H2O=5 Count 3 3 3 3 3 Sum 292. 18 279. 95 279. 8 276. 57 277. 34 Average 97. 39333 93. 31667 93. 26667 92. 19 92. 44667 Variance 0. 44263 1. 08543 0. 91693 0. 2116 2. 84213 Page 8 of 13 ANOVA Source of Variation Between Groups Within Groups Total SS 53. 714 10. 9975 64. 4689 df 4 10 14 MS 13. 36786 1. 09975 F 12. 15540 P-value 0. 00074 F crit 3. 47805 Duncan’s Multiple Range Test for COD NOTE: This test controls the type I comparison wise error test, not the experiment wise error rate. Alpha Error Degrees of Freedom Error Mean Square Number of Means Critical Range 2 3. 625 0. 05 8 3. 707414 3 3. 778 4 3. 863 5 3. 914 Duncan Grouping A A B C D Mean 25. 667 23. 444 16. 889 13. 000 5. 667 N 3 3 3 3 3 Ratio 1 2 3 4 5 *Means with the same letter are not significantly different 4. 3 VARYING SIMULATED TEXTILE WASTEWAT ER CONCENTRATION 4. 3. Dependent Variable: Color Average color removal (%) Trial 1 100. 00 99. 31 98. 60 98. 60 98. 60 Trial 2 100. 00 99. 31 98. 60 98. 60 98. 60 Trial 3 100. 00 98. 60 98. 60 98. 60 98. 60 Table 4. 9 Effect of Varying STW concentration on the Color Removal STW concentration, ppm 300 400 500 600 700 Average color removal (%) 100. 00 99. 08 98. 60 98. 60 98. 60 * Ratio: 1mL Fe2SO4†¢7H2O : 25 mL H2O2 : 25 mL simulated textile wastewater Page 9 of 13 Table 4. 10 One Way ANOVA for the Effect of Varying STW concentration on the Color Removal SUMMARY Groups Count Sum Average Variance STW conc. 300 3 300 100 0 STW conc. =400 3 297. 22 99. 07333 0. 16803 STW conc. =500 3 295. 8 98. 6 3. 02923 STW conc. =600 3 295. 8 98. 6 3. 02923 STW conc. =700 3 295. 8 98. 6 3. 02923 ANOVA Source of Variation Between Groups Within Groups Total SS 4. 44651 0. 33607 4. 78257 df 4 10 14 MS 1. 11163 0. 03361 F 33. 07756 P-value 9. 68E-06 F crit 3. 47805 Duncan’s Multiple Range Tes t for Color NOTE: This test controls the type I comparison wise error test, not the experiment wise error rate. Alpha Error Degrees of Freedom Error Mean Square 0. 05 8 0. 007407 Number of Means Critical Range 2 0. 1620 3 0. 1689 4 0. 727 5 0. 1750 Duncan Grouping A A A B C 4. 3. 2 Mean 0. 66667 0. 66667 0. 66667 0. 44444 0. 00000 N 3 3 3 3 3 Ratio 7 6 5 4 3 *Means with the same letter are not significantly different Dependent Variable: COD Table 4. 11 Effect of Varying STW concentration on the COD Reduction Average COD removal (%) STW concentration, ppm Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 300 400 500 600 700 96. 63 93. 42 89. 89 82. 39 79. 63 97. 85 93. 42 90. 96 86. 98 82. 39 97. 70 93. 57 89. 43 85. 15 78. 26 Average COD removal (%) 97. 40 93. 47 90. 10 84. 84 80. 09 * Ratio: 1mL Fe2SO4†¢7H2O : 25 mL H2O2 : 25 mL simulated textile wastewaterPage 10 of 13 Table 4. 12 One Way ANOVA for the Effect of Varying STW concentration on the COD Reduction SUMMARY Groups Count Sum Average Variance S TW conc. =300 3 292. 18 97. 39333 0. 44263 STW conc. =400 3 280. 41 93. 47 0. 0075 STW conc. =500 3 270. 28 90. 09333 0. 61623 STW conc. =600 3 254. 52 84. 84 5. 3391 STW conc. =700 3 240. 28 80. 09333 4. 42523 ANOVA Source of Variation Between Groups Within Groups Total SS 564. 30064 21. 6614 585. 96204 df 4 10 14 MS 141. 07516 2. 16614 F 65. 12744 P-value 4. 0146E-07 F crit 3. 478055 As can be seen from the ANOVA tables 4. 10 and 4. 2, F values gt; Fcrit, therefore it can be said that at least one group for the % Color removed and %COD reduced at varying STW concentration levels is different at 5% significance level. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test for COD NOTE: This test controls the type I comparison wise error test, not the experiment wise error rate. Alpha Error Degrees of Freedom Error Mean Square 0. 05 8 3. 340745 Number of Means Critical Range Duncan Grouping A A A A B 2 3. 441 3 3. 586 4 3. 667 N 3 3 3 3 3 5 3. 716 Ratio 6 7 5 4 3 Mean 17. 000 16. 444 14. 667 14. 556 5 . 667 *Means with the same letter are not significantly different . SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of Fenton’s reagent in treating a simulated textile wastewater in terms of color and COD was studied. The treatment was divided into three levels which include the varying of the amount of hydrogen peroxide, amount of iron catalyst, and concentration of the simulated textile Page 11 of 13 wastewater. The effects of H2O2, iron catalyst, and simulated textile wastewater concentration on the color removal and COD reduction were studied. The simulated textile wastewater was initially characterized in terms of pH, color, and COD content.The values obtained are 2. 87, 48 PCU, and 217. 67 ppm, respectively. Though the initial color was already an acceptable value based on the DAO 35, the pH was highly acidic and the COD value is higher compared to the standard. In the first level of treatment, the H2O2 was varied at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mL. The amount of Fe2SO4 †¢7H2O and d ye solution was fixed at 1 mL and 25 mL, respectively. The amount of H2O2 that produced the highest COD reduction was used in the next level of treatment where the amount of Fe2SO4 †¢7H2O was varied at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mL.Moreover, the amount of Fe2SO4†¢7H2O that produced the highest COD reduction was held constant for the last level. The STW concentration was varied at 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700 ppm wherein the ratio used was 1 mL Fe2SO4†¢7H2O : 25 mL H2O2 : 25 mL STW concentration, which basically produced the highest COD reduction. From the study, it was found out that increasing the amount of H2O2, increases the percent COD removal. Moreover, the highest percent COD reduction was obtained at the smallest amount of iron catalyst which is 1 mL.However, the increase in the amount of the iron catalyst returned insignificant effect on the percent COD removal of the dye wastewater. In addition, the COD removal decreased as the concentration of the dye solution increas ed. In terms of color removal, the results obtained at the different levels of experiment showed that the color was removed almost completely after the reaction with Fenton’s reagent. All in all, it can be said that the Fenton’s reagent was very effective in treating the simulated textile wastewater containing Reactive Turquoise Blue KNG dye. The iron-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide has been efficient in removing color and educing the chemical oxygen demand content of a textile wastewater based on the statistical analyses conducted. 6. RECOMMENDATION However, it is recommended to conduct additional experiments such as using the amount of H2O2 that produced the three highest COD reduction instead of using only one (the highest among the five volumes) as well as the three highest COD reduced using the three amounts of Fe2SO4†¢7H2O. In this way, interaction between the three factors using a three-way ANOVA can be obtained thereby coming up with the most effective H2O2- F e2SO4†¢7H2O-STW concentration combination in terms of % COD and color removal.In addition, a multiple linear regression can also be constructed for the parameter interaction which will be a useful tool in predicting the % COD reduction specific for the textile industry. Page 12 of 13 7. REFERENCES Copper Blue 2B dye using Fenton’s process. Undergraduate Thesis. CEAT, University of the Philippines Los Banos. AFRICA, V. J. L. (2005). Color and COD removal from a simulated textile wastewater containing Direct MARAVILLA, J. T. (2003). Adsorption of Basic Auramine Orange dye from synthetic textile mill effluent using char and activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse. Undergraduate Thesis.CEAT, University of the Philippines Los Banos. FREEMAN, H. M. (1995). Industrial Pollution Prevention Handbook. Mc-GrawHill, Inc. 829-843 p. HALL, A. J. (1965). The Standard Handbook of Textiles. New York: Chemical Publishing Co. , Inc. ABRAHART, E. N. (1968). Dyes and their Intermediates. Lon don: Pergamon Press Ltd. BIGDA, R. J. (1995). Consider Fenton’s chemistry for wastewater treatment. Chemical Engineering Progress. 62-66. EATON, A. D. , L. S. CLESCERI and A. E. GREENBERG. ed. (1995). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. Baltimore, Maryland: United Book Press, Inc.HOLLEN, N. et al. (1988). Textiles. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 336-340 p. KUO, W. G. (1992). Decolorizing dye wastewater with Fenton’s reagent. Water Research. 26(7): 881886. SNOWDEN-SWAN. (1995). Pollution Prevention in the Textile Industries. Industrial Pollution Prevention Handbook. New York: Mc-Graw-Hill, Inc. SUMALAPAO, E. P. (2005). Color removal and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) reduction from simulated textile wastewater containing Basic Methylene Blue using Fenton’s Reagent. Undergraduate Thesis. CEAT, University of the Philippines Los Banos. Page 13 of 13

Family History and Meaning of the Surname Richardson

Family History and Meaning of the Surname Richardson Richardson is a patronymic name meaning son of Richard. The given name Richard is Germanic in origin and means powerful and brave, composed of the elements ric,  meaning power and hard, meaning hardy or brave. Example: Richard the Lion Hearted Richardson is the 76th most popular surname in the United States. Richardson is also popular in England, coming in as the 55th most common surname. Alternate Surname Spellings:  Richards, Richardsen, Richerdson Famous People With the Surname Richardson Natasha Richardson - British actress.Henry Hobson Richardson - American architect.Calvin Richardson - American RB music artist. Where Is the Richardson  Surname Most Common? The Richardson  surname is most prevalent in the United States, according to surname distribution information from  Forebears, where it ranks as the 76th most common surname in the country. Within the U.S., Richardson is found most frequently in South Carolina, North Carolina, Maryland, Virginia, Indiana, Vermont and Alabama. Richardson is also a very common surname in England (64th) and Australia (76th). Surname distribution maps from  WorldNames PublicProfiler  show that Richardson is especially common in the northern part of England, particularly in the counties of Northumberland and Durham, as well as in York. Richardson is also especially common in Australia (particularly Tasmania and Northern Territory) and New Zealand (Clutha, Gore, and Grey districts). Concerning the Richardson Family Crest... Contrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Richardson traditional family crest or coat of arms for the Richardson surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. Connecting With the World of Richardson Individuals with the Richardson surname, and variants such as Richards, Richarson, Richerson, Riches, Richeson, Richison, Ritchardson, Ritcharson, Ritcheson, are invited to join  this project to  work together to find their common heritage through DNA testing and sharing of information. There is a free message board is focused on descendants of Richardson ancestors around the world available through Genology.com. This allows you to search the Richardson forum for posts about your Richardson ancestors, or join the forum and post your own queries.   Similar to Geonology.com, FamilySearch.com allows you to explore over 12  million  results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Richardson surname on their free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. One can also join a free mailing list designed for researchers of the Richardson surname and its variations. This mailing list includes subscription details and searchable archives of past messages. GeneaNet.org has compiled archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Richardson surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. For genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Richardson surname you can visit the comprehesive website Richardson page at Genealogy Today. Perhaps the most well-known genealogy page is Ancestory.com, where you can explore over 11 million digitized records and database entries, including census records, passenger lists, military records, land deeds, probates, wills and other records for the Richardson surname on the subscription-based website, Ancestry.com. References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

The Impact of Online Selling on Small Businesses Essay - 1

The Impact of Online Selling on Small Businesses - Essay Example The paper tells that selling products on the Internet is just another method, in fact, one of the most modern means through which an entrepreneur can utilize the facilities of the Internet in his business. Apart from using it as a selling tool, the wide range of capabilities of the Internet can be made use of customer support, marketing, recruitment, procurement, communication, and for many other functions. Indeed, today there is hardly any business activity in this modern world that does not pass across the Internet. In the opinion of Adam, the most exciting function of the Internet these days is E-commerce and Online selling, where the provider uses the Internet as an intermediary to sell his products and services directly to the consumers in the global market. Online selling is expected to have a greater boom in the global village as the responsive audience is growing by millions every year. It is the process whereby customers are facilitated with the technology to directly buy go ods and services from a seller in real-time, over the internet without any intermediary service in between. While considering the benefits of online selling many seem to disagree that online shopping will affect the percentage of retail sales in the future, arguing that only a small percentage of online selling will only obscure the market potentials. However, as Adam points out, concentrating on this idea a little deeper reveals that even if the Internet sales constitute only 5 percent of total retail within a few years, that still amounts billions and billions of dollars spent on online selling. As more and more organizations and customers are making the use of the internet to collect information before they make the final decision and to purchase online, it is certain that all business firms must have a web presence. Leaving the online selling, if the firm is not existing on the Internet, it does not exist. Another advantage of the small business that uses online marketing is tha t they have the ability to sell a wide variety of products due to â€Å"infinite shelf space†. Afuah also comments that online stores can easily make a higher proportion of their income out of the low-volume items rather than traditional stores, a trend called as the long tail effect. It makes possible for the firm to reach new markets and new customers. On the other hand, buyers can search for information to decide their final purchase and compare the products to see which offer sounds adequate to him/her. Small business organizations, especially in the developing countries have the advantage of diminishing the costs of a search for information as well as costs of the transaction. It broadens the effectiveness of transactions by reducing the time taken for processing, payments and other functions. As Gingrich points out, a small business is highly benefited by information provided about customers and markets together with the valuable details of product design, financial res ources, and process technology. The widespread use of internet and its functions have changed the way the customers as well as the firms acquire information and operate their business.

Small Business Enterprise in the UK Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Small Business Enterprise in the UK - Assignment Example Here I am comparing my industry with some of the industries who are in same business and equal size and doing business in the same geographical area. With that, I will be discussing various performance measures and their advantages and disadvantages. Our company is facing some issues regarding turn over and irregularity among the employees. Recruitment is also having some problem in the plant. Worried managers are trying to handle the situation strategically. Their main concern is a hierarchy of the organization. Our company’s hierarchy is a very tall one. A number of responder in a tall structure is lesser here. This results in better opportunities for the superiors to monitor and supervise the activities of the subordinates (courses.jonesinternational.edu, n.d., p.185). The employees of the organization played no role in designing and running the production lines. Also, the organization followed the Taylorist style of production which refers to the mass production system. Th e Taylorist production approach was established by F.W.Taylor, who gave birth to Scientific Management. His school of thoughts is termed as Taylorism. According to it anything can be learned and taught. This theory treats the humans like machines and proposed that for the achieving higher production the management must eliminate inefficiency from its functioning. However, this theory completely neglects the usual complications that happen within a normal human being (Boyd, n.d). Taylorist production style supports the assembly line system where each worker performs the same task repetitively. Here the concept of division of labor was given significance and people started getting experienced in a certain domain while the rest of the production system remained unknown to them. To maintain the distance between management and employees a strict policy is there. Repetition of the task makes employees bore. Quality fall as a result and management worried. Then employees get threatened or scolded and employee turnover rises. The theories which were employed to channelize the changes within the organization made the Hawk Car Company eliminate the tall hierarchical structure and instead of that, they introduced Adhocracy. The adhocracy structure is characterized by dynamic and organic units which have limited standardization and formalization and is inclined toward decentralized decision making. These units are associated with the least routine task and lower vertical differentiation which encourages greater responsiveness and flexibility among the employees (Robbins and Mathew, 2009, pp 199- 200). The management also took vital steps towards training the employees in such a manner so that they can gain knowledge about the entire production system. The workers were provided with the opportunity to grow in their position by better performance. The new management style took great care of the employee’s personal lives too and helped them in solving those to the pos sible extent.

Internal and External Impacts on Child Development

Internal and External Impacts on Child Development The expected pattern of children’s development is as follows. The development of children should be viewed in a holistic way each child is unique and will develop in their own way. Physical Development 0 -3 years. This is a time of fast physical development . New born baby’s have little control of their bodies at first it is reflex movements eg. Sucking , grasping. In the first year they gradually learn to have more control over their bodies and most babies have stated to crawl or roll as they continue they will begin to walk and control their bodies, also they may climb and begin to feed and dress themselves. By about 3 most children will page turn and colour and explore toys like tricycles and cars. They will have developed their gross motor skills ,but have no sense of danger they require close monitoring. Also their vocabulary may be around 200 words but consistency in behaviour 3 -7 years. At this stage children will be more co-ordinated and will gain confidence as a result. Their fine motor skills will have developed and they can cut write and draw. Also their gross motor skills are developed running , kicking a ball and using large equipment are easier. 7 – 12 years. Children will continue to grow and develop, and refine many skills. They may start to have hobbies and interest which help their fine and gross motor skill for example dance, football, ,music or sewing. Girls may star to show signs of puberty from 10 or 11. In boys this is usually later. 12 – 16 years. At this stage young people will be growing stronger. Boys will begin puberty and many girls will have completed the process. Between these ages height and strength will vary most boys will be taller than girls on average. 16 – 19 years. This is the stage at which young people are adults, although most girls may have reached physical maturity, boys continue to grow into their mid -20s Intellectual and Cognitive development. It is important to know that children develop in a variety of ways depending on their own experiences and opportunities given from an early age. Children have their own strengths and abilities. Good point. 0 -3 years. Babies will start looking at the world around them and enjoy repetitive games. They begin to understand that when objects are hidden they are still they also they may point to objects. 3 – 7 years. At this stage children will be starting to learn to read and developing skills of number and writing. They will be looking for adult approval and learning about their world 7 – 11 years Children will start to decide what activities or subjects they enjoy. They will still be influenced by adults. They will transfer information and think In a more abstract way. They will be becoming fluent in reading and writing. 12 – 16 years. Young people by now will have a clear idea of subjects they like and be motivated in these areas. They will be choosing their learning pathways. They may lack confidence and avoid less popular subjects. It is very important that they feel good and want to belong. 16 – 19 years. School leavers will now be thinking about career or university choices. They will focus on their areas of strength and look forward to continuing development. Communication and language development. 0 -3 years. From birth onwards adults will talk to their baby even though they do not understand what is being said yet this is important for babies to be stimulated and have an interest shown in them if this does not happen they may struggle to communicate later in life. After early babbling babbies at about 12 months they will try to speak single words but not very clear. Between 1 and 2 they will start to put words together by about 2 years old they will have about 200 words .Between 2 and 3 they will start using plurals and negatives I their speech but may still make errors like â€Å"I drawed it. 3 – 7 years. Communication is very important at this age for friendships to develop they are very sociable and enjoy jokes and stories. They will also ask a lot of questions and be able to talk about things past and present with confidence. 7 – 12 years and upwards. By this stage most children will be fluent in their language. They will develop in reading and writing and be able to think and discuss their ideas in more abstract terms. Many young children will now use phones and technology to communicate with their friends. Social, emotional, and moral development. This area of development concerns how children and young people feel about themselves and relate to others. They need to learn how to grow in confidence and how to become independent adults. 0-3 years. Very young children will be finding out about themselves. They need strong attachments to parents/carers. In nursery children are usually given a key worker who will be the main contact. They may begin to have tantrums at this stage through frustration when wanting to do things for themselves. They will also begin to smile and show enjoyment and recognise certain routines or familiar sounds that make them smile. 3 – 7 years. Children In this age group will be more independent and make their own choices. They will start to play alongside their peers and socialise in imaginative play. It is now important for children to recognise boundaries . Friendships are important at this stage and many children will have close friends. Even though children are becoming independent they still need parents/carers to meet their emotional needs. They will respond well to responsibility for example class helpers, but still need adult approval. 7 – 12 years . Children’s friendships will be more settled and they may have best friends. They will now need the chance to solve problems and carry out activities which require independence. At around 12 years old children may be moving schools this transition may cause anxiety if they are to be separated from their friends. They will still need encouragement and praise, and will be very aware of what others may think of them. 12 -16 years . At this stage young people self-esteem can be very vulnerable, as their bodies look grown up they still need guidance. They will spend more time with their own friends, but may display some childish ways because they may be unsure how to behave in some situations. Children are more aware of actions and consequences and are thinking about other children’s feelings. 16 -19 years. Children now enter adulthood but will sometimes still need advice and guidance from adults. Some will still will lack emotional maturity and vary in interaction with others. Young people have a very good understanding of right and wrong. Influences on Development. How development is influenced by personal and external factors’. A child’s development begins at conception ,the genetic information for that child is determined .A healthy embryo is 46 chromosomes 23 form the egg and 23 from the sperm if any are missing and the baby survives this will have a dramatic effect on the development of the child. For example most children with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes the additional one is 21,also the older a mother is the risk is higher. A baby can also be affected due to smoking, taking drugs and alcohol consumption. According to the NHS choices your health your choice. The alcohol a mother drinks passes from her blood to the placenta and to the baby. A baby’s liver is the last organ to develop and does not mature until the last half of pregnancy .Too much exposure to alcohol can really affect the baby’s development. If you drink too much during pregnancy your baby may develop (FAS) foetal alcohol syndrome which presents as restricted growth, facial abnormalities and learning and behaviour disorders. Good. Illegal drugs use during in pregnancy including cannabis, ecstasy, cocaine and heroin) can have serious effects on your unborn baby. However people who take drugs daily need to seek medical advice due to withdrawal problems when stopping any drugs. Also not all â€Å"natural† remedies are safe always seek medical advice. A child’s birth experience will have an influence on their development if a baby is premature or does not breathe straight away their brain may be starved of oxygen which can affect learning in later life. A child’s health can be determined by genetic factors for example NHS choices states the blood disorder Sickle cell anaemia can cause a wide range of symptoms though not all people will experience all symptoms which are ,episodes of pain which is the most common and upsetting symptom. A crisis is triggered when the abnormal blood cells block the small blood vessels that supply the bodies tissues, this causes swelling and damage younger children may have swelling of the hands and feet. As a child gets older the most common areas of pain are ribs, spine, pelvis, abdomen, breastbone, long bones in the legs and arms A crisis can occur for no apparent reason but certain triggers are, changes in body temperature due to illness or environment, dehydration or a sudden lack of oxygen due to sudden exertion or stress. In older children potential triggers are alcohol , cigarettes and illegal drugs. Children with sickle cell anaemia are prone to infections under the age of 3 because of th e abnormal blood cells which disrupt the function of the spleen which filters harmful bacteria and viruses from the blood so these children are vulnerable to pneumonia, osteomyelitis a bone infection and meningitis .Jaundice is another common symptom as are lower leg ulcers, delayed growth and priapism in teenage boys. Due to the life threatening conditions it is important to seek medical advice straight away if your child’s develops any of the above symptoms. Coeliac disease is a common digestive condition where the person has an adverse reaction to gluten eating foods that contain gluten can trigger a range of symptoms such as : diarrhoea, bloating and wind, abdominal pain, weight loss, and feeling tired all the time .This disease is known as an autoimmune condition, this is where the body’s defence system against infection mistakenly attacks healthy tissue due to substances found inside gluton. This damages the small bowel disrupting the body’s ability to absorb nutrients from food .Why this happens is not clear although a combination of genetic make- up and the environment play a part. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley and rye, which is in pasta, cakes, breakfast cereal, most breads, certain sauces and some ready meals .There is no cure for coeliac disease but a gluten free diet may help control the symptoms and prevent long term consequences. Complications may occur if you continue to eat gluten which are osteop orosis and anaemia. The symptoms of Tuner syndrome vary upon the age of the girl or woman affected .Baby’s born with Turner syndrome often have swollen hands and feet which is caused by excess fluid around the tissues. Other symptoms that may develop before birth are thick neck tissue .swelling of the neck and being a small baby. The 2 most common symptoms are short height and ovaries that do not work properly. Baby’s with Tuner syndrome usually grow normally until the age of 3yrs, after this they will grow at a slower rate. At puberty there is not the normal growth spurt and on average a woman with this symptom is about 20cm smaller than other women .Ovaries may not function properly which may result in infertility. The appearance is also affected causing, a short wide neck, a broad chest and wide nipples, arms that turn slightly at the elbows, a low hairline ,mouth and teeth problems, a lot of moles, spoon shaped nails, a short fourth finger or toe. Eye symptoms are eyes that slant down, droopy eyelids, a squint, lazy eye, cataracts, short sightedness. Ear symptoms are low set ears, reoccurring middle ear infections, hearing loss which may occur in later life .Turner syndrome is associated with other conditions some are heart murmur , underactive thyroid, high blood pressure, osteoporosis, scoliosis, diabetes, lymphoedema, gastrointestinal bleeding, other digestive conditions, kidney and urinary tract problems. Most girls have good language and reading skills, however some social and behaviour difficulties are over looked by doctors and this can cause great anxiety for the family, they are problems with social intelligence, lack of spatial awareness problems with numeracy, attention and hyperactivity problems. About a third of girls will have social relationship problems due to the way the brain develops. More than 8 out of 10 females will have spatial awareness problems which may cause problems when driving of using a map. A similar number struggle with maths this is known as dyscalculia and if teachers are not aware of this it may cause problems. ADHD may be present in toddlers which may reduce about 12 years old. In some cases medical treatments may not work because of Turner syndrome. Any child who has any learning difficulties should be encouraged to develop to the best of their ability in all areas of learning and development. When working with SEN children you will have advice from other professionals regarding this. External factors. Pupils will come from a range of different background, family, culture, circumstances. Many families will go through a lot of changes in a child’s school years some of which the school may not be aware of. These may be divorce, bereavement, illness or moving house or country . Good overview of the external factors that may influence development. Any one of these may affect children’s emotion or intellectual development you may notice a change in the pupil. Poverty and deprivation will have a significant effect on pupil development. Statistics show that children who come from deprived background s are less likely to thrive in school. This could be relative poverty which is comparison of income compared to the average.. It is concerned with material possessions that society deems relevant to daily life. Absolute poverty is the lack of basic human needs such as food, shelter, warmth, sanitation, education and health care. This is quite rare in the UK. Poverty can have an effect on diet, housing and play opportunities A balanced diet Is important for children growth. Families on a low income have to buy cheaper foods which are mostly fast food or highly processed, these types of food contain little nutrition value. Eating this food can lead to becoming over weight and malnutrition in children which means they may become lethargic unsettled and hyperactive. Diets that lack certain vitamins may cause health conditions for example lack of Vitamin C may cause scurvy-easy bruising spontaneous bleeding, joint and muscle pain lack of Vitamin D may cause rickets –tiredness aches and pains as will lack of calcium, lack of Iron may cause anemia delays in infant motor functions and if present in pregnancy small or early births and fatigue. Poor housing conditions resulting in damp and crowded houses may results in child on set of asthma and no room to play or develop due to lack of exercise. These children need other clubs or groups but due to low income they cannot be provided, this may lead to obesity and delay in physical development. A child’s development is strongly influenced by the family around them and parents are the most important educators and source of information in the childcare setting. Most parents will do their best to stimulate and help their children to thrive and grow. But some parents are unable to do this because of ill health or drug abuse or depression .Also stress with in the family through bereavement or divorce can cause anxiety within a child and lead to a major change in their behaviour. .As children grow older they will often decide for themselves which club to join and which friends to have. They will be in situations which require their own decisions to be made, they may find themselves under pressure to experiment with drugs or alcohol and the decisions they make will affect their behaviour if they choose to abuse drugs such as cannabis as this can affect brain development. Also they now decide what they eat and the wrong choice may result in obesity. A good quality of education from home and school is extremely important to a child’s overall development both social and moral. The reasons why children’s development may not follow the expected pattern are personal and external factors as stated above. There are also many other factors which are as follows Emotional, Children grow and learn when their emotional needs are fully met and their development will benefit. Physical reasons are if a child has difficulties with their growth their fine motor skills and hand eye co-ordination may be affected. Environmental factors are an external factor as stated above. Cultural reasons these are the different values and beliefs according to their country of origin and their religion in some cases boys are treated different from girls ,girls are often viewed as the homemaker and it is not essential for them to complete their education. This can affect their development as they do not receive their statutory education as recommended in the UK. Good point. Social influences and family structure as stated above family structure and lifestyle has an influence on children’s development, divorce or bereavement will cause a child to stress resulting In the child becoming anxious and withdrawn. If parents struggle with a particular area of learning this area may become delayed. Disability may affect development in many ways. Depending on the child’s need it may cause a delay in a certain aspect of their development for example a physical disability may affect their social skills and if they become withdrawn this may lead to becoming frustrated also the attitudes and expectation of others affect the child- if we assume that it is not possible for a disabled person to do something we restrict their opportunity to take part so we restrict their development in all areas. It is important that we look at the needs of the child no on the disability. In my role as TA2 in special needs school we always have to be realistic about the expectations of our children as all our children require extra support but are 100% encouraged to be as independent as is possible. There are no labels in our school only children and their needs. Early intervention is important when delays are suspected so a child may receive the help they require as soon as possible, as this may help the child live a full and successful life as adults. Early years settings play a crucial part in early identification of SEN in young children. When a young child attends an early years setting they will be assigned a key worker who will observe and assess the child’s development and can quickly identify any possible delays. For example if a child has a language delay which is crucial to learning, as it is linked to our thoughts, which enables us to store information an organised way, they will be at a disadvantage straight away as their thought process will be less able and they may struggle to express themselves .The earlier any delay is detected the sooner other professionals can be sought and advice and plans for support are given. This is important for the child as early years are a time of rapid growth and development.

Philosophy of love Essay -- essays research papers

Some people believe that there is no such thing as â€Å"true love† they believe that love is nothing but an illusion designed by social expectations. These people believe that love ultimately turns into pain and despair. This idea in some ways is true. Love is not eternal it will come to an end one way or another, but the aspect that separates true love from illusion, is the way love ends. â€Å"True Love† is much too powerful to be destroyed by Human imperfection; it may only be destroyed by a force equal to the power of love. Diotima believed that â€Å"Love is wanting to posses the good forever† In other words love is the desire to be immortal and the only way that we are able to obtain immortality is through reproduction, and since the act of reproduction is a form of sexual love, then sexual love is in fact a vital part of â€Å"True love†. Sexual love is not eternal. This lust for pleasure will soon fade, but the part of love that is immortal, is a plutonic love. You can relate this theory to the birth of love that Diotima talks about. She says that love was born by a mortal mother and immortal father. The mother represents the sexual love, the lust for pleasure. The father represents the plutonic love that is immortal. Plutonic love is defined as a true friendship, the purest of all relationships. A true plutonic love will never die; it transcends time, space, and even death. Platonic love is in my opinion, the most important and vital aspect of love. Without platonic love people are ...

No Place Like Home? Essay

Many people always want to live a better life. Some even search for a while to find what they are looking for. However, in this case the Haitian people are seeking asylum help from the US Government in order to have a better living style than back in their country. Therefore, the problem is that the Haitian asylum seekers are not getting the real help they need and isn’t being treated well by the government. Danticat is reporting on what is happening to these people who come for help and how they are all mistreated. Danticat’s essay is to get the readers to sympathize the Haitian people and to get to feel for them as they struggle to seek a better living style therefore she convinces her readers by her good tone, appeals, and connotative language. She starts off her essay by describing what the area is like and how it related to her from years ago when she went to visit this place. She then describes it by using tone of voice to really express the way of the people talking to her and to share a bit of their stories being told. She states: The women in that hotel also told us how six of them must live together in one room, how some of them were forced to sleep on the floor when there wasn’t enough space on the beds or couches. They told us how they missed their own clothes and seeing their children play in the sun, how they had perhaps been wrong about America. This shows that she feels for what the people are experiencing and going through. However, Danticat misses some points on how the tone of voice really speaks out and the true intent behind the words, only speaks out the point of view of the people and not all of the intent behind the words. Thus she mainly shows how the Haitian people’s lives are and how they manage to survive this hell. During this whole essay, Danticat shows a lot of emotional appeal to get the reader’s sympathy tow ards these people. She does it in a way to show not much emotion, but to stay neutral in her feelings and let the feelings get to the reader so then they can connect with the people and have a feel for their lives. While she mentioned her uncle, she tried not to put too much emotion towards his side of the story because if there is too much emotion the reader will not feel much into it and only the author is expressing how she feels rather than what the story has to offer. This neutral emotional appeal will get the readers more interested, rather than read on about emotions and get off topic of the essay. She did a good job on this because then she can get the readers to feel more sympathy for these Haitian people seeking for help because they can’t even survive in their own country. Besides the tone of voice and the appeals, Danticat uses connotative language to defend her argument about how the government is treating the Haitian people. She mentions something one man told her, â€Å" If mad dogs are chasing you, shouldn’t your neighbor shelter you?† When people think of mad dogs, they think of dogs that will attack when they see anything and the dogs represent the viciousness of the country Haiti and the shelter is the US government that is suppose to have a open door to help these people and protect them from harm. It can also show how the American government is very deceiving in how they offer up opportunities. She hopes to assume that the readers can already have an image in their head on how these people are doing and have a sense to feel for them. The best strategy that Danticat use is the emotional appeal. It is being used throughout the whole essay and has showed little or neutral feelings towards the essay to ensure the interest of the readers and the readers to have their own feelings and thoughts on the essay itself. Her primary goal was to get the readers to connect and sympathize for the Haitian people and to much care about what they are going through. Towards the end of Danticat’s essay she mentions, â€Å" Will America ever learn again how to protect itself without sacrificing a great many innocent lives? So that my uncles did not die in vain, I truly hope so.† Many of the people risk their lives to come to a better place and to start all over again, but there will always be a price to pay. The American government shouldn’t be that harsh on those only wanting to seek help. If people truly see what their situation is, things will be different in terms of wanting to make a difference for a better h ope.